#Tamojunto and #Tamojunto2.0 Program (Unplugged – Brazil)
Problems addressed
Effectiveness

Mixed Evidence

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Mixed Evidence

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Where the program was applied
Country of application
Description

This is an intervention carried out in schools in Brazil with the objective of preventing drug abuse among young people. The intervention comprises 12 classes plus three workshops with parents and guardians. The classes are offered by schoolteachers over the course of a school year. It is recommended that the intervention be carried out in the 8th grade of elementary school (average age: 13 years).
The work that is developed interactively with young people is based on three axes: 1) development of life skills; 2) clarification of the role of normative beliefs; and 3) knowledge and information on the topic.
Specifically, the curriculum addresses topics such as the following:
1) Social influence and social learning;
2) Problematic behaviors;
3) Health beliefs;
4) Theories of rational action-attitude; and
5) Social norms.
The program is an adaptation of Unplugged, developed by European researchers and recommended by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) for its high effectiveness. In Brazil, the program started to be implemented in 2013 and was proposed by the National Coordination of Mental Health, Alcohol, and Other Drugs within the Brazilian Ministry of Health, in partnership with UNODC/Brazil. The second version was implemented between 2014 and 2015, which adopted an approach focused on harm reduction. Finally, between 2018 and 2019, this change was reversed when #TamoJunto2.0 was launched.

Impact evaluations

A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) presented mixed evidence for the program. After 21 months, overall drug abuse increased for both the treatment and the control groups, although a positive impact of the program was observed on young people’s propensity to use inhalant drugs specifically. In addition, the treatment group had a higher propensity (+19.7pp) to consume alcohol, indicating a possible negative effect of the program. In this 2018 study, 72 public schools took part in the evaluation in six Brazilian cities [1].
In 2022, a second Randomized Controlled Trial evaluated the #Tamojunto2.0 program. In this case, 5,208 students from 73 schools in three Brazilian cities took part. The results indicate that the strategy was only effective in postponing alcohol consumption through a change in beliefs about the effects of the substance. No significant effects on other drugs were found in this study [2].

Bibliographic reference

[1] Sanchez, Z. M., Valente, J. Y., Sanudo, A., Paula, A., Pereira, D., Schneider, D. R., Andreoni, S. (2018). Effectiveness evaluation of the school-based drug prevention program #Tamojunto in Brazil: 21-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.07.006

[2] Garcia-Cerde, R., Valente, J. Y., Sanchez, Z. M. (2023). Changes in alcohol beliefs mediate the effects of a school-based prevention program on alcohol use among Brazilian adolescents. Addictive Behaviors, 137, 107522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107522

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