keepin' it REAL (kiR)
Problems addressed
Effectiveness

Promising

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Promising

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Where the program was applied
Country of application
Description

This is a school program to prevent drug abuse among adolescents. The intervention is carried out in the classroom over a period of two to three months, addressing six aspects:
1) Communication competence and its ethnic variations;
2) Narrative-based knowledge to improve identification with the prevention message;
3) Different types of social norms (personal, insulting, and descriptive) as motivators in substance use;
4) Training in social life skills and their fundamental role in risk assessment and decision-making;
5) Drug resistance strategies most commonly and effectively used by adolescents;
6) The local social context.
Different Mexican-American, non-Latino, and multicultural versions were developed so that students could recognize themselves in the prevention message and see solutions sensitive to their specific cultural environments.

Impact evaluations

An impact evaluation showed that program participants had better behavioral and psychosocial outcomes related to the use of psychoactive substances [1], with a reduction in overall substance use, stronger intentions to refuse substances, greater confidence that they could do so, and lower estimates of peer substance use [2] [3].

Bibliographic reference

[1] Hecht, M. L., Marsiglia, F. F., Elek, E., Wagstaff, D. A., Kulis, S., Dustman, P. & Miller-Day, M. (2003). Culturally grounded substance use prevention: An evaluation of the keepin' it R.E.A.L. Curriculum. Prevention Science: The Official Journal of the Society for Prevention Research, 4(4), 233–248. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1026016131401

[2] Kulis, S., Marsiglia, F. F., Elek, E., Dustman, P., Wagstaff, D. A. & Hecht, M. L. (2005). Mexican/mexican American Adolescents and keepin' it REAL: An Evidence-Based Substance Use Prevention Program. Children & Schools, 27(3), 133–145. https://doi.org/10.1093/cs/27.3.133

[3] Hecht, M. L., Graham, J. W. & Elek, E. (2006). The drug resistance strategies intervention: Program effects on substance use. Health Communication, 20(3), 267–276. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327027hc2003_6