Mental Health Courts (Multisite)
Problems addressed
Effectiveness

Promising

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Promising

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Life periods served
Country of application
Description

This is a community treatment program for people with mental disorders in conflict with the law. The aim is to prevent them from being prosecuted inappropriately and without endangering public safety.
Participants must maintain frequent contact with the judge, judicial social workers, and the treatment team in the community, attending subsequent hearings. Sanctions and incentives are also applied to ensure compliance with the program’s conditions.
Participants can receive intensive interventions, such as hospitalization in psychiatric centers, 24-hour residential services and detoxification services, or milder therapeutic interventions, such as community treatment and support services, individual and group therapy, medication management and case management.

Impact evaluations

An impact evaluation showed that the treated group had a lower annual recidivism rate, fewer arrests, and fewer days of incarceration compared to the control group [1].
Participants who completed all phases of the program had lower recidivism rates than those whose participation was interrupted, both during treatment supervision and after the end of supervision [1].
The study had a quasi-experimental design, with a total sample of 1,047 cases, with 447 people treated (mental health court) and 600 in the control group, who received the usual treatment. The intervention was conducted over 18 months [1].

Bibliographic reference

[1] Steadman, H. J., Redlich, A., Callahan, L., Robbins, P. C., & Vesselinov, R. (2011). Effect of mental health courts on arrests and jail days: A multisite study. Archives of general psychiatry, 68(2), 167-172.

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