Pacto Pelotas Pela Paz (Brazil)
Axios
Effectiveness

Mixed Evidence

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Mixed Evidence

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Life periods served
Where the program was applied
Country of application
Description

The Pacto Pelotas pela Paz (Pact for Peace of the City of Pelotas) was an initiative of the Pelotas City Government, a city located in the extreme south of Brazil, involving all security forces, criminal justice institutions, municipal departments and civil society leaders, with technical assistance from the Instituto Cidade Segura..
To address the increase in violence, the city developed, in 2017, a plan focused on five priority problems: homicides, pedestrian robberies, child and youth vulnerability, and public disorder. To impact these problems, programs that had already proven effective nationally and internationally were selected, such as parent training, development of social and emotional skills in early childhood education, early identification of young people at risk, hot spot policing, broken windows policing using problem-solving techniques and through citywide enforcement, and focused deterrence.
Focused deterrence was the strategy selected to reduce homicides and has been implemented since May 2018 in an integrated manner by the Judiciary, Civil Police, and Military Police. The three institutions created an integrated intelligence center and the leaders of the three main criminal factions in the city were notified that they would receive administrative sanctions if homicides continued to occur in the city.
During the implementation of the intervention, some leaders were sent to prisons in other cities and, at times, had their benefits suspended due to the homicides. In addition, the Civil Police conducted anti-money laundering operations and the Military Police carried out ad hoc operations in specific areas when homicides occurred.
Actors in the areas of inspection, police, and justice meet monthly to analyze crime indicators and monitor the progress of projects in the Integrated Municipal Security Cabinet, while actors in the area of prevention meet to monitor prevention indicators and key projects in the Integrated Prevention Committee. The city has created a Municipal Safety Observatory that collects and analyzes indicators and an Executive Secretariat of the Pact, which monitors programs.

Impact evaluations

An impact evaluation was conducted using the synthetic control methodology to assess the effects of the Pact, from August 2017 to December 2021, on the monthly rates of homicides and property crimes and the annual rates of assaults against women and school dropouts. The control group was created with other municipalities in the same Brazilian state of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul.
During this period, Brazil had a 31% drop in homicides, the state of Rio Grande do Sul had a 41% drop, and the city of Pelotas had an 80% drop, with homicides falling from 120 in 2017 to 23 in 2022.
According to the study, it was possible to identify that the Pact, since the beginning of its implementation, was responsible for an overall reduction of 9% in homicides and 7% in robberies in Pelotas. When evaluating the period in which focused deterrence was implemented separately, the study identified that the Pact was responsible for a 38% reduction in homicides.
However, no significant effects were found for non-violent property crime, violence against women, and school dropouts. [1]

Bibliographic reference

[1] Esposti, M. D., Coll, C. V. N., Silva, E. V., Borges, D., Rojido, E., Santos, A. G., Cano, I., Murray, J. (2023). Effects of the Pelotas (Brazil) Peace Pact on violence and crime: a synthetic control analysis. The Lancet Regional Health, 19(100447). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36874166/

Information source